Fiber cables VS Copper wires

Security

Fiber LANs offer improved security because they carry light, and light is precisely controlled. If you can get your hands on a Cat 5 or coaxial cable LAN, You can tap into it and read all the data passing over it, including unencrypted pass­ words. Some coupling techniques let you intercept the signals without even piercing the cable; this is because copper cables radiate signals as well as picking them up.

All Copper wires transmit RF energy when in normal use. This allows an eavesdropper to easily intercept and monitor the signal at a considerable distance. Often all that is needed to monitor the signal is a modified twenty-dollar FM radio hocked to a digital signal decoder.

Fiber?optic cables play a major role in voice and data communications systems approved under the USA National Security Program (NSP) criteria because they radiate their light only at the ends of connectors.

If the amount of light going through the cable is precisely adjusted, the insertion of an unauthorized device to tap off some of the light causes the entire link to fail.

System failure indicates that something unusual has hap­pened to the cable. Since they don't leak, and it's difficult or impossible to insert a physical tap, fiber?based systems are practically immune to interception.

P.S: Please Keep in mind that also normal Computer hardware and specially monitors transmits a strong RF signal which can be picked up remotely, hundreds of feet away, and are easy to decoded to see what is being typed at it from out side the building. So when a confidential document is being typed, you may also be broadcasting it to an eavesdropper. This is a serious problem with CRT.

So in a government security classified sites a special Anti-RF-Radiation rated equipment or shielding must be used.

Reliability

The primary reason for reliability of fiber systems is that they don’t pick up electrical signals and impulses. Despite shielding, bypassing, and grounding, copper cables become antennas. The longer they are, the more energy they absorb from radio transmitters, power wires, and other electrical devices.

The INTERFERANCE from all these sources modifies the data signals in the metal cable, causing bad packets and sometimes transient unreliability.

Fiber cables are immune to all electrical fields, so they carry clean signals.

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